Basic to Wi-Fi Routers

Networking Standard
802.11g is the current standard for home networks, having replaced the slower 802.11b. 802.11g is also compatible with 802.11b, so you can use it with older equipment running that standard. 802.11a has speeds similar to 802.11g’s, but it’s not compatible with 802.11b or 802.11g, and has shorter range. Many new routers feature multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) technology that reduces signal interference and tops 802.11g in range and throughput.

MIMO devices are also backward-compatible with 802.11b/g products, but they may not be compatible with the forthcoming 802.11n standard. Also, newer Draft-N routers, based on this upcoming standard, may not be compatible with the final version of 802.11n.

Security
Most routers come with Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) encryption, which can provide a first layer of security but won’t deter hell-bent hackers. For greater security, opt for Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) or the newer WPA2 encryption, which provides stronger data protection and control over network access. A router that supports MAC address filtering limits network access to specifically permitted PCs and devices.

For added protection, consider a router with a built-in hardware firewall, which can protect all PCs on the network at once from outside attacks.

Throughput / Range
Throughput refers to the speed of data transfer a router can provide, measured in Mbps. Range is the maximum distance from the router a wireless
access point or networking card can receive a signal. Range can be affected by obstacles such as walls, so you may need to buy a repeater to extend the signal to remote areas of your network. Note that the throughput and range are vendor-estimated figures, and your experience may vary.